Juvenile Delinquency - Week 7 Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Juvenile Delinquency - Week 7 - Coursework Example Availability of Death Penalty as an authorized sentence: There is no death penalty in juvenile court system while there is death penalty for certain serious crimes under certain circumstances in the adult court system. The juveniles are excused from death sentencing because of their emotional immaturity as well as lessened culpability unlike adults who are mature and cognisantly do wrong. Jury trial: Most of the states do not provide juveniles with the right for jury trial while adults have the right for jury trial. It is argued that if jury trial is warranted in juvenile court system then confidentiality shall be undermined, moreover, the proceedings may adversely destroy the idealistic prospect of an intimate (Feld & Schaefer, 2010). Rehabilitation effort: The main purpose of the juvenile court system is rehabilitation of the offender while in the adult system it is punishment. Rehabilitation of the juveniles is targeted to make them improve on their behavior by being taught by the state as well as the community. I think that there are enough significant differences in both the two-court system since they have delineated very useful rights that protect a juvenile. In essence, it is imperative to note that juveniles often break the law because of ignorance, emotional immaturity and lessened culpability. It is therefore, wise to separate their trial court from adults, who are often cognisantly aware of the law and break it

Fix the report of HR strategy of BWM in china Essay

Fix the report of HR strategy of BWM in china - Essay Example There are different laws, rules and regulations of different countries which will affect the global business activities. Cultures will be different, environmental factors will also be different. So the business may face some constraints, challenges and conflicts which may be raised from different laws, culture and societies. To operate business outside the national borders a company should think about their planning and taking decisions and it will take initiative to incorporate international business related considerations. The management of the company have to decide at first that what will be the goods and services or ideas that will be fitted in the international market, how the company will deliver goods to that market. Is the company delivering from domestic production unit or it will make production centre in the international market and goods will be supplied from there. The company should enter in the international market through trade or through investment this will be anot her point of decision. Customer’s behaviour also can be changed in different country’s market according to the time changes. The company should maintain the features of the product or the way to offer its services in accordance with the customer’s behaviour. If customers wants to get fast and quick services on time in case of logistics and transportation then the related companies in this field should be updated and change their speed of services. They will take some operational strategy to provide fast and quick services on time to meet the requirement of customers. If they will unable to take such initiatives then they will not survive in the international market. Recession is another big point in case of international business. Revenue, profit and sales will be declined. Company will stop to hire employees or cut down some manpower. Generally it will reduce the income of people and at a time reduce the purchasing power. Market change also helps to reduce the

The Four Natural Physical Spheres Essay Example for Free

The Four Natural Physical Spheres Essay Lithosphere (litho is Greek of stone) The solid, inorganic portion of Earth, comprising the rock of Earths crust as well as the broken and unconsolidated particles of mineral matter that overlie the solid bedrock. The surface is shaped into an almost infinite variety of landforms, both on the seafloors and on the surfaces of the continents and islands. Atmosphere (atmo is Greek of air) The gaseous envelope of air that surrounds Earth. It contains the complex mixture of gases needed to sustain life. Most of this adheres closely to Earths surface, being densest at sea level and rapidly thinning with increased altitude. It is a very dynamic sphere, kept in almost constant motion by solar energy and Earths rotation. Hydrosphere (hydro is Greek for water) Comprises water in all its forms. The oceans contain the vast majority of the water found on Earth and are the moisture source for most precipitation. Biosphere (bio is Greek for life) Encompasses all the parts of Earth where living organisms can exist; in its broadest and loosest sense, the term also includes the vast variety of earthly life forms (properly referred to as biota).

Organic Food - Good for you, Good for the environment Essay Example for Free

Organic Food Good for you, Good for the environment Essay Organic food has quickly gained popularity over the years. What started as a trendy method that celebrities adopted has expanded mainstream and can be found in any thriving metropolis as well as many smaller towns and cities. Organic food refers to any type of produce or meat product that has not be treated with additional chemical preservatives when it is grown and therefore is considered to be of benefit to those that choose organic produce. Yet there are those that have not jumped on the organic bandwagon as they have reservations towards this option. We will examine both sides of the argument so as to analyze and finally decode the language that is organic food and come to the clear conclusion that organic food should be an investment we make for proper nutrition and health. Understanding Organic Food One of the most basic human needs is food. We need to feed our bodies with food in order to do any of the daily tasks that we may embark on. This need used to be supplied with food that was wholesome and pure. Our ancestors ate the fruit of their labor which was food that was grown in their farms or in local surrounding areas. We have come a long way from this with the expansion and growth of not only the population but also the technology that speeds up the 2 packaging and assembly of some of the larger chains which supply millions of households with food. Our food no longer is home grown; little do we know where in fact it comes from and for that matter what is being added to our food to give it color, taste and preserve its freshness. Organic farmers are looking to close the gap between the supplier and the ultimate consumer. By buying organic produce we go back to a simpler time where we knew where our food came from and what agricultural methods the farmer used to cultivate the food we put in our mouth. Critique Skeptics and critics of the organic food movement question if buying organic produce is worth it. They believe that organic food is costly compared to commercial and industrial produced food. It can cost a consumer anywhere from a few cents to a few dollars to purchase organic products vs. commercial products. This is due to the methods that organic farmers use when they grow their produce such as crop rotation which is a method that organic farmers use to maximize the soil and land they have by alternating the type of crop they grow. This method leads to less amount of one type of product being produced and also less variety or produce being only available in particular time periods or seasons. It also means that farmer will use less of the soil and less land. This can be a big disadvantage as in the United States alone 140 hectares of farmlands have been lost in the last 30 years to make room for non-agricultural purposes such as building urban cities and highways (Cunningham Cunningham 2010 pg. 201) therefore it may seem to some that all the land given for the purpose of agriculture should be used and even exploited for maximum profit options. Another disadvantage that organic products have is their shelf life. Because no preservatives are used to keep the product fresh, organic products must be consumed within a very short time frame, which can be a big inconvenience to the consumer on a strict budget 3 looking to really expand the freshness of their products without the need to buy a large amount of groceries every few days. If we look at the economic disadvantage that buying organic food has we can see why some people are still skeptical of trying or buying organic products. With the economy still trying to recover from a period of recession and the job market being scarce, people have become savvy shoppers and want to stretch their dollars. While buying commercial products may seem like the best option when saving money, there are other ways to save and still enjoy the benefits that come from buying organic produce. When it comes to matters of health and giving your body the best nutrients, it is important to learn the facts and really analyze the options before making such an important decision. Benefits There is no denying the benefits that buying organic produce has over the conventional method and while the arguments for those opposing organic produce are valid they do not give the consumer the various methods and options they have when choosing organic products and thus it is up to the consumer to study and analyze the progress that organic farmers and retailers have taken in an effort to make organic produce more cost effective as well as various methods that can be taken to naturally preserve the freshness of the produce. Like all things when demand is high cost normally goes down, however because organic produce requires special labor, the cost of buying organic produce is also higher than the conventional method. A recent head-to-head comparison done by a group of Colby College students in 2011 was conducted surveying various commonly purchased products, comparing the prices of both non-organic and organic products and it was concluded that organic products can have a mark-up of up to 117% compared to non-organic products. According to these studies 4 organic carrots cost $1. 51/lb. while non-organic carrots cost $. 77/lb. , a difference of +96% for the consumer buying organic carrots over non-organic. (White Pillsbury, Melissa 2013). While the actual price may vary by location, it is true that organic products do cost more than their non-organic counterpart. One way to offset the cost of buying organic produce is to shop directly from the farmer. By doing this, the consumer not only can ensure that they are buying organic products, they also save money as the farmer will sell directly to the consumer and not have to spend extra money on packaging or transportation costs when selling to wholesaler. Farmers markets are growing in size and vary from city to city. If the consumer lives in an area where the resources for organic produce are scarce or they lack the time to visit a farmers market, they also have the option to subscribe to a monthly at home delivery service usually offered directly from a local farm such as Farm Fresh To You (www. farmfreshtoyou. com ) or Full Circle (www. fullcircle. com ) . These are at home delivery programs that work directly with a local farm which offer the convenience of having the products delivered to your front door, they also take the guess work off what products to buy. Each box of produce delivered weekly or bi-weekly depending on the type of membership you have signed up for, has a variety of hand-picked produce that is both fresh and in season. Another argument that is commonly brought up when discussing organic foods is that organic products lack preservatives that keep it fresh. Once again, a very valid point however, if the consumer were to investigate a little further, they would learn that farmers are great resources to look in to for special tips on how to naturally preserve food without the need for chemical preservatives. Some tips might be as simple as the storage of the produce. One such example is to keep commonly used fruits such as apples and grapes refrigerated at 32-36 degrees Fahrenheit (FarmFreshToYou. com) and away from vegetables to avoid ripening too early. Other methods 5 that have been successful in prolonging the freshness of organic produce are canning, drying, or freezing. These are also at home methods that the consumer can learn that will lock in the flavor and freshness of the produce at the time of purchase thus saving the consumer money. There are many food movements that have come and gone, some being too extreme to be adapted and adhered to permanently; the organic movement has proven not to be just another fad. Buying certified organic foods is the way to go because it helps the environment thanks to the type of natural soil the farmers use when cultivating such crops and also keeps agriculture growing. Organic farmers may seem like the winners in this deal due to the high cost of organic goods but in reality buying organic foods will be extremely beneficial for our health and wellbeing. References Associated Press. Not Quite Pesticide Free. Environment. 2002; 44:5-6 Costenbader, Carol W. The Big Book of Preserving the Harvest. North Adams, MA: Storey, 2002. Print. Cunningham, W. P. , Cunningham, M. A. (2010). Environmental Science: A Global Concern. New York, NY: Mcgraw-Hill National Rural Ecology Centre. National Rural Ecology Centre RSS. N. p. , 2009. Web. 8 Mar. 2014. Storage Use Tips. Storage Use Tips. Farm Fresh To You, n. d. Web. 12 Mar. 2014. White Pillsbury, Melissa. Price Differences: Organic Versus Non-Organic; Store Versus Farmers Market. Price Differences: Organic Versus Non-Organic; Store Versus Farmers Market. Maine Organic Farmers and Gardeners Association, 2013. Web. 12.

Managerial Accounting And Shareholders Accounting Essay

Managerial Accounting And Shareholders Accounting Essay 1. What obligations did the financial managers have to their shareholders to do whatever is possible to avoid major financial losses associated with these products? According to Ask (2002), all major business institutions nowadays are being forced to continuously upgrade their financial status, technologies, innovate their products and services that they offer as well as extend their customer reach to avoid major financial losses associated with problems about their products particularly in developing countries, and utilize resources through financial strategies. Apparently, the main effect of the situation to the company is that it is forcing all types of costing systems, from small to large scale causes, to amend their current financial strategies and processes, and to restructure their production and processes. Financial manager of Dalkon Shield must set some necessary changes to effectively and efficiently respond to the continuously evolving needs of the company. Financial managers make sure that shareholders get their investments fully. It is also their role to make sure that shareholders are receiving their entitled maximum returns for their investment. To avoid major financial losses associated with these products, financial managers are facing with the task of engaging in different activities that brings value to the shareholders and the company. Financial managers can implement different strategic plans to inform providers and top management for the development of strategies and implementations of plans. Narrowing the companys strategic partners through engagement in narrowly defined financial areas is also helpful for the financial mangers (Chua, 2006). As implementers of strategies, the role of financial managers also consists of shareholder value maximization. Financial managers can increase and create value from the financing, budgeting, and networking activities such as buying assets which create more cash than they cost or they can sell stocks and bonds and other instruments financially which all generate more finances than their costs. When the financial manager will try to a healthy balance between the shareholder and the company needs, they also need to follow ethical standards by ensuring that all statements and their financial transaction are true and correct (Chua, 2006). In this situation, the company has experienced on maximizing their business by smoothly ensuring that all services are working and provide the expertise for the generation of financial System. This is an important in the field of financial management for the company and financial managers should developed basic information and concepts regarding the employed effective strategies to avoid major financial losses associated with these products. The objective of these actions is to identify and present the most important features of product and planning to sell products in a well established amount. These include product analysis, competitor analysis and marketing operations that focus on channel distribution, costing objectives, market analysis, customer satisfaction and a great tool in order to cope with the challenges of product placement. Consumer and environmental analysis are important area made by a continuous effort to make connections and form relationships with finances, custom ers, and finance and distribution channels designed financing strategies. Business network of the company can help the financial managers to contribute to effective supply management that support and investigate the influence of the situation on financial management processes (Ask, 2002). In a perspective of this company, strategies used by the financial manager must suggest that the financial losses be prepared to respond appropriately to random costing agreement with the shareholders. If long-run performance is not greatly impacted by shareholders and if it is caused by random impacts, then firms must monitor these shocks and transform them into opportunities. Importantly, these impacts cannot be readily predicted. Thus the firms must have an agile mechanism scan in conjunction with a flexible marketing organization. Before any of these implications are strongly adopted much more marketing strategy refinement is necessary. The financial strategies employed by financial managers are effective tools that may be used by the marketing manager to aid in more effective planning and strategy development of product and business. This is an important factor that provides framework for more specific mix strategies and tactics in the products or services, distribution, promoti on, and pricing areas (Van Horne Wachowicz, 2005). Another factor to consider is the strategy which is effective tools that may be used by the firm to aid in more effective strategy and planning development. This is an important factor that provides framework for more specific financial mix tactics and strategies. Throughout the years many international business organizations has invested in propagating their marketing strategies as well as the flow of investments. The financial manger must have been investing on effective services and production to aid in its goal. Strategic financing process also affects the decision making as it affects the capital opportunities and company capabilities in developing a total return of investments to their shareholders (Van Horne Wachowicz, 2005). 2. Was the dumping in this case ethical? Those involved in the dumping might have argued that the people receiving the pajamas would not have otherwise had access to such clothing and were notified of the health and safety hazards. Does this affect your feelings about the case? What do you think about the exportation of the Dalkon Shield? Can it be justified because the rate of dying during childbirth in Third World countries is extremely high, and, as such, any effective birth control device is better than none? International laws presented that a firm is dumping if its foreign price is either below its marginal cost or below domestic price. In this case, ethical consideration must be consider by the company since the firm often claim that a low-cost is engaged in a long term strategies in harming domestic consumers and destroying the domestic industry (Viner, 1991). It was also a most unethical way and a clear indication of how money always eclipses the significant issue in this case. Whatever causes that these children would have access to fire-retardant pajamas, they would also not have had opportunity to have kidney cancer had they not been exposed unduly to the chemical toxic for their health. The same is true Dalkon Shield of exportation; many serious and worst physiological problems associated with utilizing this product do not have advantages or benefits. A complete fundamental tenets breakdown in social responsibility will aid such blatantly unethical global practices (Ramadan, 2007). In exportation of the Dalkon Shield, planning strategies in the context social responsibility and safety hazard is important. Exportation management fails because of factors including the current environment, feasible methods and the security system. The planning and resources must be value information. In some areas, failure of information dissemination happens automatically especially when there is a problem with the product itself or the safety and the integration of this information to a certain period. Another dimension of challenge in this kind of market environment is the complex and evolving regulations which this institution conducts business. In contrast, there are handfuls of effective strategies for the exportation of the Dalkon Shield that may help the firm implement strategy from a global perspective. Foremost, the planning must concern with the Dalkon Shield organizational governance, with decisions making capacities, and the processes for making sure that the export d ecisions made are implemented properly. There are several factors for export trends including the market mass liberalization, technological impact, and the ever changing distribution and communication and method worldwide. The safeties in the markets are increasingly becoming more important to public, multinational companies, and this phenomenon directed to philosophy and organizational shift of the export, research and marketing companies. The advantage of this approach to research buying include better coordination and control of the research in many economies, research findings comparability, and better view and understanding of transnational basis in terms of the functions (Viner, 1991). The rate of dying during childbirth in Third World countries is extremely high, and the draw back of focusing too much on material success is the tendency to neglect ethical issues and may tolerate corruption. These firms must be committed in strengthening public confidence and understanding in clinical research and biotechnological expertise in all aspects of the clinical research. Regulations on effective birth control device are better than none because all information and activities of related to this issue must be regulated through information submitted to authority. Moreover, industry related to biotech, pharmaceutical and medical device companies, as well as their regulations and legislations which involves academic organizations, peer associations, patient groups, and the public must assures the safety and ethical considerations in clinical trials through collaboration and working with the public and their stakeholders globally to explore different possibilities and paradigms for contraceptive research and development. The product of the company must promote efficient and better clinical trial process especially in developing new drugs biotechnology while demonstrating the strategic values of clinical outsourcing and reiterating the importance of public contributions as partners in the new treatments and new birth control contribution (Atkinso, 2004). In this case, different laws enforces by the government and other related agencies includes reports which identifies the approved drug products approved on the basis of effectiveness and safety of their products under the Drug, Federal Food, and Cosmetic Act. In terms of controlling contraceptives and other related products, the company requires any manufacturer to dispense by prescription only with exemptions in emergency cases and is closely regulated by other sub laws. These drugs must have a warning on the label when given out to the client. The manufacturer must comply with approved good manufacturing practices set by the agency. It must also have a uses section that presents the uses of the drug under appropriate testing so the client or patient is aware of the definite usage or application. The firm must enforces its regulations through various methods such as investigations, punishments, licenses to improve these processes; and must closely monitor the companys processes in r esponse to testing of the product for safety and efficiency and to adequately label the product to avoid violations of the law (Fishbein, 2005). Q4. Compare and contrast job order and process costing. Support your answer with examples relevant academic references. The job order costing system is used for the estimation of production cost for various jobs included in specific orders of the customer. Within the organizations treating every single job as a single unit output, or when production of different products within a specific time, this costing system type is most important. In this regard, it appears that firms in developing countries need to pay some attention to new techniques, so they can help their society and their country to be able to compete in the international market by conducting studies on these new techniques, and show its advantages and disadvantages. The company should also employ job order and process costing strategy for product development on fact finding, analysis, generation of technical and management plan goals (Atkinso, 2004). Labor hours, materials, and machine hours will be different from a specific product to another and one order of the customer to the next, and may be different further in the demand that is placed inherently on overhead manufacturing. One example of a specific job or customer order is customized production that might need greater resources for support than general activity of production. If a firm specializes for the manufacturings were to produce a specific product patented and designed by another firm, it may need some re-engineering process; materials utilized not used in overall production, or another factor for change such as a different description or product logo. In this case, management would need to be sure that the specific customer order equates all relative costs; otherwise information for product cost will not be correct. In the circumstances where the company is producing different product type within a specific period of time, job order costing system employment would also be applicable as management would require in recognizing the overall actual costs for each product. Service companies may not get benefit as much from job order and process costing as compared to other industries because their costing can be hard to assign as they may not have a visible relationship of cause and effect (Kaplan, 2007). Nowadays, traditional cost systems became unpopular among companies, since these cost systems were designed long time ago for different circumstances. For example, companies used to produce a small number of products and indirect cost (overhead) was quite small, compared to the total cost at that time overhead did not cause any problems to the managers. On the other hand, in the 1980s many companies started produce different variety of products and indirect cost started to play an important role. Therefore, the traditional cost systems are no longer desirable by managers. Managers started to think to change these systems after realizing that these systems are not reliable for managerial purposes anymore. Recently, many companies are facing a real competition in the world market, due the fact that some companies produce high quality products at low costs. For that reason managers attempts to adopt a cost system which can give them accurate information and the exact cost for each produ ct, so managers can take right decisions at the right time (Laughlin, 1995).

Brave New World :: essays research papers

Brave New World by Aldous Huxley Aldous Huxley was born in Surray, England on July 26, 1894. He belonged to a dis-tinguished British family, which included T.H. Huxley, an famous scientist and hu-manist; and Julian Huxley, a philosopher of science. Aldous Huxley went to Balliol College, Oxford. He wanted to become a doctor, but an eye infection blinded him, and prevented him from finishing his studies. Huxley had to quit for some time because of his eye infection. He did exercises for his eyes, and with self-discipline eventually recovered from most of the infection and could some-what see. Huxley resumed his studies at Oxford, and accomplished a degree in 1916. At first Huxley tried to be journalist. But in 1921, he began writing poetry and short stories. There after, he began writing essays and novels. He received the Award of Merit for the Novel from the American Academy of Arts and Letters in the year 1959. His most famous book, "Brave New World", was published in 1932. In the "brave new world" of 632 A. F. (After Ford), universal human happiness has been achieved. Control of reproduction, genetic engineering, conditioning--especially with repetitive messages during sleep--and a perfect pleasure drug called "Soma" are the cornerstones of the new society. Religion, thinking and loneliness have been abolished. Reproduction has been removed from the womb and placed on the con-veyor belt, where reproductive workers tinker with the embryos to produce various grades of human beings, ranging from the super-intelligent Alpha Pluses down to the dwarfed semi-moron Epsilons. Each class is conditioned to love its type of work and its place in society; for example, Epsilons are supremely happy running elevators. Outside of their work, people spend their lives in constant pleasure. This involves consuming (continually buying new things, whether they need them or not), participating in elaborate sports, and free sex. While uninhibited sex is universal and considered socially constructive, love, marriage, and parenthood are viewed as obscene. The story concerns Bernard, an alpha whose programming is a bit off--he is discon-tented and desires to spend time alone just thinking or looking at the stars. At one point he takes Lenina on a vacation to the savage reservation in New Mexico. There he discovers John (the Savage), son of Linda who had visited the reservation more than 20 years previously and was accidentally left behind. When she discovered she was pregnant (the ultimate humiliation!), she had to remain among the savages.

The Character of Casey in The Grapes of Wrath :: Grapes Wrath essays

The Character of Casey in The Grapes of Wrath John Steinbeck passionately describes a time of unfair poverty, unity, and the human spirit growth in the classic novel, The Grapes of Wrath. The novel tells of real, diverse characters that experience growth through turmoil and hardship. Jim Casy, a personal favorite character, is an ex-preacher that meets with a former worshiper, Tom Joad. Casy continues a relationship with Tom and the rest of the Joads as they embark on a journey to California with the hopes of prosperity. Casy represents how the many situations in life impact the ever-changing souls of human beings and the search within to discover one's true identity and beliefs. Casy, however, was much more complex than the average individual. His unprejudiced, unified, Christ-like existence twists and turns with every mental and extraneous disaccord. Jim Casy is an interesting, complicated man. He can be seen as a modern day Christ figure, except without the tending manifest belief in the Christian faith. The initials of his n ame, J.C., are the same as those of Jesus Christ. Just as Jesus was exalted by many for what he stood for and was supposed to be, Casy was hailed and respected by many for simply being a preacher. Casy and Jesus both saw a common goodness in the average man and saw every person as holy. Both Christ and Casy faced struggles between their ideals and the real world. Despite Casy's honesty, goodness, and loyalty to all men, he would not earn a meal or warm place to stay. Although Jesus had many followers, still others opposed his preaching until the very end.   These prophets attempted to disengage man from the cares of the world and create a high spiritualism that stemmed joy from misery. All the migrants found pleasures along their trips and kept their hope and spirit throughout the journey. Thanks to Jesus, the saddest, dullest existence has had its glimpse of Heaven. Casy once remarked, I gotta see them folks that's gone out on the road. I gotta feelin' I got to see them. They gon na need help no preachin' can give 'em. Hope of heaven when their lives ain't lived? Holy Sperit when their own sperit is downcast an' sad?" (page #)   Casy wished to reach out to others in spite of his own troubles. He wanted to give them sprit; hope and he wanted to rejuvenate their souls.